Periodontal Disease
I’ve been told I have periodontal disease – what now?
The earlier it’s diagnosed, the easier it is to treat
Periodontal disease, most commonly known as ‘gum disease,’ is an infection of the gums and the structures that support your teeth. These include the bones, ligaments, and connective tissue.
Gum disease starts with the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth and gyms. If left untreated, it can lead to inflammation, gum recession, tooth loss, and other health complications.
Anytime we hear the word ‘disease’ it’s cause for concern. But when approached holistically and treatment is begun as early as possible, periodontal disease has both non-surgical and/or surgical treatment plans.
Thoughtful care plans and a diligent at-home oral hygiene routine can manage the condition and prevent its recurrence.
How Did I Get Periodontal Disease
What now?
Periodontal disease affects millions every year and many factors can contribute to it, including:
Age Nearly 70% of adults aged 65 and older have some form of periodontal disease
Poor oral hygiene: Inadequate brushing and flossing allow plaque to build up on teeth, which can lead to gum disease
Smoking and tobacco use: Smoking is one of the most significant risk factors for developing periodontal disease. Tobacco weakens the immune system, and this makes it harder for the body to fight infections, including gum infections
Genetics: As with many diseases, genetics plays a role in our susceptibility to gum disease
Medical conditions: Diabetes, heart disease and immune system disorders can increase the risk of periodontal disease. Diabetics are particularly vulnerable because their bodies have a reduced ability to heal from infection
Hormonal changes: Both pregnancy and menopause can make gums more sensitive and increase the risk of gum disease
Stress: Chronic stress does more than fray our nerves. Stress can reduce the body’s ability to fight infection, including periodontal disease
Are there stages of Gum disease?
Yes. Generally, gum disease is described as being in Stage 1, 2 or 3
Gingivitis
This is the mildest form of gum disease. The telltale sign of this stage is often red, swollen gums that bleed easily. Gingivitis is caused by accumulated plaque along the gemlike that is not removed with proper brushing, flossing, and professional cleanings. It can harden into tartar, which can only be removed by a dental professional.
Periodontitis
This is a more serious condition where the inner layer of the gums pulls away from the teeth, creating pockets that become infected. The pocket can deepen as the disease progresses. This spurs the body’s immune system to begin to fight the infection. This sparks the breakdown of bone and connective tissue that hold the teeth in place.
Advanced Stages
When periodontitis continues to advance, the disease can lead to tooth loss, jawbone deterioration and and even an increased risk of other health problems like heart disease, stroke and diabetes.
Do I need Surgery for my Gum Disease?
Surgical Treatments
FLAP SURGERY
In more advanced cases, flap surgery can involve lifting back the gums to remove tartar and bacteria from deep pockets, then suturing the gums back in place for better tissue healing.
GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION
In this procedure, a membrane is placed between the bone and gum tissue to encourage the regrowth of cone and connective damaged by gum disease.
BONE AND TISSUE GRAPHS
If there has been significant bone or tissue loss, grafting procedures can help regenerate lost structures. Bone grafts encourage new bone growth. Soft tissue grafts replace or reinforce receding gums.
LASER THERAPY
Sometimes, lasers are used to remove infected gum tissue and bacteria. This can be a less invasive alternative to traditional surgery.
Non-surgical Treatments
SCALING AND ROOT PLANNING
This is a deep-cleaning procedure that involves removing plaque and tartar from your teeth and smoothing the root surfaces to prevent bacteria from reattaching. This is often the first line of treatment.
ANTIBIOTICS
Sometimes, oral or topical antibiotics may be prescribed to help control bacterial infection in gums.
IMPROVE ORAL HYGIENE
Great oral hygiene is crucial in managing gum disease. Brushing twice a day, flossing daily and using an antiseptic mouthwash are all prescribed follow-up procedures.
What can I expect for an outcome?
Is periodontal disease ever cured?
As with any disease, the outcomes can vary in periodontal disease. Many factors come into play including when treatment began and the patient’s individualized response to treatment.
Learn the stages of healing
STABILIZED CONDITION
When treatment begins in early stages, patients can expect to see reduced gum inflammation, bleeding and pocket growth.
IMPROVE ORAL HEALTH
With proper treatment and maintenance, patients can see significant improvement in gum health, reduced infection and no further bone loss.
REGENERATED TISSUE
When bone loss has occurred, bone grafts or guided tissue regeneration can lead to the regrowth of healthy tissue, improving the stability of the teeth
PREVENT TOOTH LOSS
Timely treatment can prevent tooth loss and/or dental implants can be used to restore function and aesthetics.
LONG TERM MAINTENANCE
Gum disease is a chronic condition that requires ongoing care. Regular check-ups, cleanings and a diligent at-home oral hygiene routine can manage the condition and prevent its recurrence.
